STUDY GUIDE: ENGLISH 4 – FOURTH QUARTER FINAL EXAMINATION

School Year 2026-2027 | Asia Academic Integrated School, Inc.

I. WORD STRUCTURE: PREFIXES, SUFFIXES, AND ROOTS

Understanding word construction helps determine specific meanings and grammatical functions.

1. Prefixes (Added to the front)

A prefix is a letter or group of letters added to the beginning of a root word to change its meaning.

• Uni- (One): A unicycle has one wheel.

• Bi- (Two): Bi-weekly means happening every two weeks.

• Tri- (Three): A triangle has three sides.

• Quad- (Four): A quadrilateral is a four-sided shape.

• Poly- (Many): A polygon has many sides.

• Anti- (Against): Anti-bacterial soap fights against bacteria.

• Semi- (Half): A semicircle is half of a circle.

• Sub- (Under/Below): A submarine travels under the water.

• Pre- (Before): A pretest is taken before the actual lesson.

• Post- (After): Post-war refers to the period after a war.

2. Suffixes (Added to the end)

A suffix is added to the end of a word to change its state, condition, or grammatical role.

• -ful (Full of): Powerful (Full of power).

• -less (Without): Careless (Without care).

• -able / -ible (Capable of): Trainable (Capable of being trained).

• -ness (State/Condition): Sadness (The state of being sad).

• -en (Made of): A wooden fence (Made of wood).

3. Root Words

The base part of the word that remains after prefixes and suffixes are removed.

• Disappearance - Root: appear

• Unhelpful - Root: help

II. GRAMMAR AND SENTENCE STRUCTURE

1. Sentence Types

• Simple Sentence: Expresses a single complete thought with one subject and one predicate.

  Ex: The cat slept.

• Complex Sentence: Contains an independent clause and a dependent clause, often linked by "because," "although," or "since."

  Ex: We stayed inside because it was raining.

• Compound Subject: Consists of two or more subjects sharing the same verb.

  Ex: Maria and Juan went to the park.

2. Parts of Speech (Adverbs & Prepositions)

• Adverbs of Manner (How):

  Ex: The robot moved slowly.

• Adverbs of Frequency (How often):

  Ex: I always do my homework.

• Adverbs of Place (Where):

  Ex: Please put the box there.

• Between: Used when referring to two people or things. (Ex: Sit between Mom and Dad.)

• Among: Used when referring to more than two people or things. (Ex: He was among friends.)

• Prepositional Phrase: Begins with a preposition and ends with a noun/pronoun. (Ex: Under the table.)

III. LITERACY AND MEDIA SKILLS

1. Point of View (POV)

• First Person: The narrator is a character (Uses: I, Me, My, We).

• Second Person: The narrator speaks to the reader (Uses: You, Your).

• Third Person: The narrator is an observer (Uses: They, He, She, or names).

The Basic Comparison

• First Person: Ex: "I ate the last cookie."

• Second Person: Ex: "You ate the last cookie."

• Third Person Limited: Ex: "He ate the last cookie and felt guilty."

Why it changes:

• First Person is a confession.

• Second Person is an accusation.

• Third Person is a report.

2. Fact vs. Opinion

• Fact: Can be proven true with data/history. (Ex: Facebook launched in 2004.)

• Opinion: A personal belief. (Ex: Social media is the best invention.)

• Non-fact Image: An image that is fictional or digitally altered.

3. Literary Devices (Sound Patterns)

• Assonance: The repetition of vowel sounds within nearby words.

  Example: "The rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain."

• Consonance: The repetition of consonant sounds within or at the end of words.

  Example: "He struck some luck with the ticket."

4. Interpreting Information

• Medical Prescriptions: Read to understand dosage and instructions.

• Artificial Intelligence (AI) is best described as: Machines mimicking human cognitive functions.